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¿Qué es un sistema de lubricación? Función del sistema de lubricación.
SISTEMA DE LUBRICACIÓN
Un motor de combustión interna consta de muchas partes móviles. El movimiento constante de dos superficies metálicas una sobre otra provoca desgaste en las piezas móviles, generación de calor y pérdida de potencia en el motor. Por tanto, la lubricación de las piezas móviles es fundamental para prevenir todos estos efectos nocivos.
En el motor, las pérdidas por fricción se atribuyen a las siguientes pérdidas mecánicas:
(i) Pérdidas por fricción directa:
-Consumo de energía debido al movimiento relativo de varias superficies de apoyo como anillos de pistón, cojinetes principales, cojinetes de árboles de levas, etc.
(ii) Pérdida de bombeo:
-Potencia neta aplicada por el pistón al gas durante las carreras de admisión y escape.
– más en motores de cuatro tiempos que en motores de dos tiempos
(iii) Pérdida de energía para impulsar los componentes para carga y lavado:
– En los motores de cuatro tiempos sobrealimentados, el compresor se utiliza para proporcionar aire a alta presión que es accionado mecánicamente por el motor. Esto se cuenta como pérdida por fricción negativa.
-Los motores de dos tiempos utilizan una bomba de barrido, que también es impulsada por el motor.
(iv) Pérdida de energía para impulsar el equipo auxiliar:
-Parte de la energía se utiliza para accionar equipos auxiliares como bomba de agua, bomba de aceite lubricante, bomba de combustible, ventilador de refrigeración, generador, etc.
Lea también: Importancia de los sistemas de lubricación y refrigeración en un motor.
Función de lubricación:
La lubricación tiene los siguientes efectos:
(a) Reducir el efecto de fricción
(b) Efecto refrescante
(c) efecto de sellado y
(d) Efecto de limpieza.
(a) Reducir el efecto de fricción:
El objetivo principal de la lubricación es reducir la fricción y el desgaste entre dos superficies que se frotan. Dos superficies que se frotan siempre crean fricción. La fricción constante genera calor, lo que provoca desgaste de las piezas y pérdida de rendimiento. Para evitar la fricción, se debe reducir al máximo el contacto entre dos superficies deslizantes. Esto sólo se puede lograr mediante una lubricación adecuada. La lubricación crea una película de aceite entre dos superficies en movimiento. La lubricación también reduce el ruido causado por el movimiento de dos superficies metálicas una sobre otra.
(b) Efecto refrescante:
El calor generado por pistones, cilindros y cojinetes se disipa en gran medida mediante la lubricación. La lubricación crea un efecto refrescante en las piezas del motor.
(c) Efecto de sellado:
El lubricante penetra en el espacio entre la camisa del cilindro, el pistón y los aros del pistón. Esto evita que los gases se escapen del cilindro del motor.
(d) Efecto de limpieza:
La lubricación mantiene el motor limpio trabajando con el aceite para eliminar la suciedad o el carbón del interior del motor.
[1] Debe tener un alto índice de viscosidad.
[2] El punto de inflamación y combustión debe ser superior a la temperatura de funcionamiento de la máquina.
[3] Debe tener un alto contenido de aceite.
[4] El punto de turbidez y fluidez de un buen lubricante siempre debe ser inferior a la temperatura de funcionamiento de la máquina.
[5] La volatilidad del aceite lubricante debe ser baja.
[6] Debe depositar la menor cantidad de carbón durante su uso.
[7] Debería tener un punto de anilina más alto.
[8] Debería tener mayor resistencia a la oxidación y la corrosión.
[9] Debe ser un detergente de buena calidad.
Teoría de la lubricación:
Existen dos teorías sobre la aplicación de lubricantes a una superficie:
(i) teoría de la película líquida y
(ii) Teoría de la capa límite.
(i) Teoría de la película líquida:
Según esta teoría, el lubricante debería actuar como una masa esférica que rueda entre dos superficies. Se crea un efecto rodante que reduce la fricción.
(ii) Teoría de la capa límite:
Según esta teoría, el lubricante penetra en las superficies de fricción y forma una superficie aceitosa encima de ellas. Esto mantiene separadas las superficies deslizantes, reduciendo la fricción.
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Write a seo optimized article for a blog. Get inspired by the following content, (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});Table of Contents ToggleWhat is Lubrication System | Function of lubrication System LUBRICATION SYSTEMFunction of lubrication :What is Lubrication System | Function of lubrication System LUBRICATION SYSTEMIC engine is made of many moving parts. Due to continuous movement of two metallic surfaces over each other, there is wearing moving parts, generation of heat and loss of power in the engine. Hence, lubrication of moving parts is essential to prevent all these harmful effects. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});In engine the frictional losses is attributed due to the following mechanical losses;(i) Direct frictional losses: -power absorbed due to the relative motion of different bearing surfaces such as piston rings, main bearings, cam shaft bearings etc. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});(ii) Pumping loss: -net power spent by the piston on the gas during intake and exhaust stroke -more in case of four stroke engine compared to two stroke engine (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); (iii) Power loss to drive components to charge and scavenge: -In four stroke supercharged engine, compressor used to provide high pressure air which is mechanically driven by the engine. This is counted as negative frictional loss. -In two-stroke engine scavenging pump is used which is also driven by the engine(iv) Power loss to drive the auxiliaries: -Some power is used to drive auxiliaries such as water pump, lubricating oil pump, fuel pump, cooling fan, generator etc. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Read also : Importance of Lubrication and Cooling Systems in an Enginelubrication system objectiveFunction of lubrication :Lubrication produces the following effects:(a) Reducing friction effect (b) Cooling effect (c) Sealing effect and (d) Cleaning effect.(a) Reducing frictional effect:The primary purpose of the lubrication is to reduce friction and wear between two rubbing surfaces. Two rubbing surfaces always produce friction. The continuous friction produce heat which causes wearing of parts and loss of power. In order to avoid friction, the contact of two sliding surfaces must be reduced as far as possible. This can be done by proper lubrication only. Lubrication forms an oil film between two moving surfaces. Lubrication also reduces noise produced by the movement of two metal surfaces over each other.(b) Cooling effect:The heat, generated by piston, cylinder, and bearings is removed by lubrication to a great extent. Lubrication creates cooling effect on the engine parts.(c) Sealing effect:The lubricant enters into the gap between the cylinder liner, piston and piston rings. Thus, it prevents leakage of gases from the engine cylinder.(d) Cleaning effect:Lubrication keeps the engine clean by removing dirt or carbon from inside of the engine along with the oil.[1] It should have a high viscosity index.[2] It should have flash and fire points higher than the operating temperature of the machine.[3] It should have high oiliness.[4] The cloud and pour points of a good lubricant should always be lower than the operating temperature of the machine.[5] The volatility of the lubricating oil should be low.[6] It should deposit least amount of carbon during use.[7] It should have higher aniline point.[8] It should possess a higher resistance towards oxidation and corrosion.[9] It should have good detergent quality.Lubrication theory:There are two theories in existence regarding the application of lubricants on a surface:(i) Fluid film theory and (ii) Boundary layer theory.(i) Fluid film theory:According to this theory, the lubricant is, supposed to act like mass of globules, rolling in between two surfaces. It produces a rolling effect, which reduces friction.(ii) Boundary layer theory:According to this theory, the lubricant is soaked in rubbing surfaces and forms oily surface over it. Thus the sliding surfaces are kept apart from each other, thereby reducing friction. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Related posts: Lubrication used For IC Engine | Function Of Lubrication Lubrication : purpose , Lubricants , Method of Lubrication Engine Lubrication System | Working Principle , Types and Components Importance of Lubrication and Cooling Systems in an Engine Automatic Hydro Pneumatic Lubrication System- Mechanical Project Lubrication system used for IC engines Advantages And Disadvantages Of Two-Stroke Engine Over Four-Stroke Engine Automatic Lubrication System : types , working , advantages , Disadvantages (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); lang: en_US Email Print Tweet //Twitter share
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}(document, «script», «twitter-wjs»)); {«@context»:»http:\/\/schema.org\/»,»@type»:»BlogPosting»,»name»:»What is Lubrication System | Function of lubrication»,»url»:»https:\/\/learnmech.com\/what-is-lubrication-system-function-of-lubrication\/»,»articleBody»:»What is Lubrication System | Function of lubrication System\u00a0\r\nLUBRICATION SYSTEM\r\nIC engine is made of many moving parts. Due to continuous movement of two metallic surfaces over each other, there is wearing moving parts, generation of heat and loss of power in the engine. Hence, lubrication of moving parts is essential to prevent all these harmful effects.\r\n\r\nIn engine the frictional losses is attributed due to the following mechanical losses;\r\n\r\n(i) Direct frictional losses:\r\n-power absorbed due to the relative motion of different bearing surfaces such as piston rings, main bearings, cam shaft bearings etc.\r\n\r\n(ii) Pumping loss:\r\n-net power spent by the piston on the gas during intake and exhaust stroke\r\n-more in case of four stroke engine compared to two stroke engine\r\n\r\n(iii) Power loss to drive components to charge and scavenge:\r\n-In four stroke supercharged engine, compressor used to provide high pressure air which is mechanically driven by the engine. This is counted as negative frictional loss.\r\n-In two-stroke engine scavenging pump is used which is also driven by the engine\r\n\r\n(iv) Power loss to drive the auxiliaries:\r\n-Some power is used to drive auxiliaries such as water pump, lubricating oil pump, fuel pump, cooling fan, generator etc.\r\nRead also :\u00a0Importance of Lubrication and Cooling Systems in an Engine\r\n\r\n\r\nlubrication system objective\r\nFunction of lubrication :\r\nLubrication produces the following effects:\r\n\r\n(a) Reducing friction effect\r\n(b) Cooling effect\r\n(c) Sealing effect and\r\n(d) Cleaning effect.\r\n\r\n(a) Reducing frictional effect:\r\n\r\nThe primary purpose of the lubrication is to reduce friction and wear between two rubbing surfaces. Two rubbing surfaces always produce friction. The continuous friction produce heat which causes wearing of parts and loss of power. In order to avoid friction, the contact of two sliding surfaces must be reduced as far as possible. This can be done by proper lubrication only. Lubrication forms an oil film between two moving surfaces. Lubrication also reduces noise produced by the movement of two metal surfaces over each other.\r\n\r\n(b) Cooling effect:\r\n\r\nThe heat, generated by piston, cylinder, and bearings is removed by lubrication to a great extent. Lubrication creates cooling effect on the engine parts.\r\n\r\n(c) Sealing effect:\r\n\r\nThe lubricant enters into the gap between the cylinder liner, piston and piston rings. Thus, it prevents leakage of gases from the engine cylinder.\r\n\r\n(d) Cleaning effect:\r\n\r\nLubrication keeps the engine clean by removing dirt or carbon from inside of the engine along with the oil.\r\n\r\n[1] It should have a high viscosity index.\r\n\r\n[2] It should have flash and fire points higher than the operating temperature of the machine.\r\n\r\n[3] It should have high oiliness.\r\n\r\n[4] The cloud and pour points of a good lubricant should always be lower than the operating temperature of the machine.\r\n\r\n[5] The volatility of the lubricating oil should be low.\r\n\r\n[6] It should deposit least amount of carbon during use.\r\n\r\n[7] It should have higher aniline point.\r\n\r\n[8] It should possess a higher resistance towards oxidation and corrosion.\r\n\r\n[9] It should have good detergent quality.\r\n\r\nLubrication theory:\r\n\r\nThere are two theories in existence regarding the application of lubricants on a surface:\r\n\r\n(i) Fluid film theory and\r\n(ii) Boundary layer theory.\r\n\r\n(i) Fluid film theory:\r\n\r\nAccording to this theory, the lubricant is, supposed to act like mass of globules, rolling in between two surfaces. It produces a rolling effect, which reduces friction.\r\n\r\n(ii) Boundary layer theory:\r\n\r\nAccording to this theory, the lubricant is soaked in rubbing surfaces and forms oily surface over it. Thus the sliding surfaces are kept apart from each other, thereby reducing friction.»,»headline»:»What is Lubrication System | Function of lubrication»,»author»:{«@type»:»Person»,»name»:»Sachin Thorat»,»url»:»https:\/\/learnmech.com\/»},»datePublished»:»2019-03-13″,»mainEntityOfPage»:»True»,»dateModified»:»February 22, 2020″,»image»:{«@type»:»ImageObject»,»url»:»https:\/\/learnmech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/lubrication-system-objective.jpg»,»height»:295,»width»:399},»publisher»:{«@context»:»http:\/\/schema.org\/»,»@type»:»Organization»,»name»:»Learn Mechanical Engineering»,»logo»:{«@type»:»ImageObject»,»url»:»https:\/\/learnmech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/learn-mech-logo-1-300×300.png»,»height»:600,»width»:60}}} Sachin ThoratSachin is a B-TECH graduate in Mechanical Engineering from a reputed Engineering college. Currently, he is working in the sheet metal industry as a designer. Additionally, he has interested in Product Design, Animation, and Project design. He also likes to write articles related to the mechanical engineering field and tries to motivate other mechanical engineering students by his innovative project ideas, design, models and videos.Leave a Reply Cancel replyYour email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *Comment *Name * Email * Save my name and email in this browser for the next time I comment. Δdocument.getElementById( «ak_js_1» ).setAttribute( «value», ( new Date() ).getTime() );This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});Recent Posts link to Rack and Pinion Gear – Working , Design, Application , AdvantagesRack and Pinion Gear – Working , Design, Application , AdvantagesA rack and pinion gear is a mechanical system that consists of a linear rack and a rotational pinion gear. It is widely used in various industries due to its simplicity, efficiency, and versatility….Continue Reading link to Wood Routers – Basic, Functions, Types, Working , PartsWood Routers – Basic, Functions, Types, Working , PartsAs a woodworking enthusiast, I have found that the wood router is one of the most versatile and essential tools in my workshop. It allows me to create intricate designs, smooth edges, and precise…Continue Reading. Write this article in html format for a web page, with
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